Criminal profiling: The psychologist examines various crime scenes and criminals to understand read this article the motive, intention, action, reaction, thought process to enlist characteristics shown by the offender of a particular crime. This would help law enforcement agencies to draw a profile of a criminal to make apprehension of such criminals easy and fast.
Assess individual: The psychologist is required to assess the cognitive state of not only a victim but an accused also. The psychologist assesses whether a victim or an accused is mentally unfit as they claim or a victim or an accused is mentally unfit about which no one is aware of including a victim or an accused themself. The assessment involves gauging the strength, aptitude, intelligence level, personality, etc. to speculate what kind of personnel should be recruited that would have the amount of strength, aptitude, intelligence level, personality, etc to counter criminals. The assessment also helps to discover what kind of social, biological and environmental factors are aiding to foster a particular type of criminal behaviour.
Actuarial: Psychologists are required to prepare statistics related to any crime, criminals or victim about their nature, growth, development, place or time in a community, religion or country. This would help the government to reduce a particular crime and also to prevent them. Also, would help the court to deal with a particular type of victim or criminal.
Correctional system: After the apprehension of criminals, it is the duty of the concerned government to formulate a program that would help criminals to reintegrate into society, otherwise prison would get flooded with criminals. Therefore, the concerned government would require help from criminal psychologists to make criminals better human beings. There should be a separate correctional system based on types of crimes and criminals such as child, woman, man and degree of a crime. One correctional system or intervention plan would not work universally.
The correctional system would also be required for a victim, witness, and especially for the personnel working in the law enforcement agencies to enhance their efficiency.
Experimental: Research is required to be conducted on specific cases to get the insight of the perspective of a victim, a criminal or an eyewitness.
Advisory: History evidently shows that the advice of a criminal psychologist is of great significance in an investigation. The psychologist examines the crime scene and the evidence retrieved from the crime scene, thereafter trying to find the motive and intention of the offender which helps the investigator to apprehend the criminal swiftly. The psychologist also gives advice to the court.
Private practitioner: The psychologist also works as a private practitioner and provides their service to the general public. The private practitioner is of great help to solve domestic issues or divorce-related issues and save them from going to court. advocates also take the help of such private practitioners if their case requires such help.
Conclusion
Criminal psychology has emerged as an essential discipline that would help law enforcement agencies and courts to enhance their performance as well as to counter crimes and criminals efficiently. In India, criminal psychology is still in the budding stage. The government needs to provide more funds and build proper infrastructure so that students and researchers get attracted towards criminal psychology and more and more research and experiments can be done to get a better outcome.
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